10 times larger than prokaryotes, are composed of the nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane.
Unlike the prokaryotic cell is divided into compartments called organelles .
core is the largest organelle of the cell and is where the activity takes place and where is genetic cellular DNA content. Inside, the nucleolus
, is the assembly of ribosomes from RNA and specific proteins. 
is contained in '
is contained in 'nuclear envelope composed of two membranes perforated by nuclear pores 3500.
The pores allow the entry of proteins that contain the localization signal nuclear power. Inside
DNA combines with proteins to form the fibrous chromatin complex before cell division and form structures called chromosomes.
Ribosomes are found free in the cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum or in mitochondria and chloroplasts.
synthesize proteins according to information of nucleic acids. chemically are a special type of RNA called ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
endomembrane system occupies most of the cell and communicates externally with the vesicles.
is divided into:
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes are interconnected
that develop throughout the cytoplasm, the internal cavity is called the lumen.
The ER is 2 types:
-
rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) , a part of the ER where ribosomes bind to the outer surfaces of the tanks. contains some protein, transforms and transports them to other areas of the cell. The membrane is permeable to the protein localization signal RER.
-
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) in the lumen
modified proteins from the RER undergo other transformations and is deputy to modify drug molecules and pesticides, does the hydrolysis of glycogen, you make the synthesis of lipids and steroids.
Golgi
bags flattened membranous called
tanks, stacked like saucers and small vesicles enclosed by membranes. Receive ER proteins and may modify them, bundles, hinges and concentrated proteins before they are sent extra intra-cellular.
3 shares a distinction that seems to have different roles (
cis, trans
and medial
). The transmission of the A protein from the ER. G. the case for budding
walls in ER vesicles that transport proteins in the cis.
Lysosomes originate from the apparatus and Golgi vesicles that hydrolyze the protein molecules, lipids, polysaccharides and nucleic acids. Involved in the demolition of the molecules of food (phagocytosis) entering the cell as phagosomes. The primary lysosome joins the phagosomes giving rise to a secondary lysosome within which digestion occurs. After approaching the cell membrane and discharge on the outside part unusable. Mitochondria
composed of two membranes, the outer is smooth and very protective permeable, the inner one is folded and shaped ridges, the inside is called mitochondrial matrix contains enzymes and ribosomes, and both needed for DNA synthesis some proteins.
The main role is to convert the potential energy in chemical form used by the cell: the energy-rich molecule ATP
(adenosine triphosphate
) and O2, the so-called cellular respiration.
Plastids
Products only from plants and protists are divided into chloroplasts, where photosynthesis takes place, and chloroplasts, which give color.
the chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll converts light energy into energy for the bonding between atoms. is surrounded by two membranes that contain stacks of bread called "pita, flat and hollow inside. Batteries such grain (1 single granum) they consist in compartinmenti circular plates, closely packed thylakoids called. The fluid between membranes and grain is called the stroma, such as the mitochondrial matrix contains DNA and ribosmi.
Peroxisomes contain toxic peroxides that can be decomposed in a safe manner. are covered with a single membrane with an interior containing granular enzizi specialist.
Gliosissisomi
In plants contain lipids that are converted into carbohydrates.
vacuoles enclosed by membranes filled with aqueous solutions of roles and storage of toxic substances, structure covering 90% of cell volume and can contain pigment (anthocyanin) for playback. In certain plants act as enzymes to hydrolyze the preteine \u200b\u200bcontain.
Cytoskeleton
a set of long, thin fibers and acts as a support and give shape to the cell, provides the cell movement, position organelles within the cell, tracks or supports for motor proteins, collaborating with extracellular aristocracy to hold the cell in position, is divided into
-
microfilaments helps the cell or parts of it to move, determines and stabilizes the cell shape
composed of
actin, muscle cells in animal joins the myosin and allows movement. within the cell contributes to the movement (sliding) of cytoplasmic flow
-
intermediate filaments
stabilizes the cell structure and can withstand the tension -
microtubules form a rigid internal skeleton and are the binary structures of motor proteins that move within the cell. are assembled from dimer tubolina molecules composed of alpha-and beta-tubolina. start phone calls from one region to the center of the microtubule organization where there are
centrioles.
As prokaryotes are cilia and flagella for movement.
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