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applied biology: energy production

The
glucose is the main organic molecule in the production of energy in the form of ATP
.
The metabolic pathways for the production of energy acting on glycols, cellular respiration or fermentation

, depending on the presence of O2.

glycolysis and cellular respiration Glycolysis starts the metabolism of pyruvate C6H12O6 producing
. cellular respiration is a highly exergonic reaction (1 molecule of pyruvate → 32 ATP molecules) and uses the pyruvate. Use the O2, so it's aerobic (1 molecule of pyruvate → 3 molecules of CO2). E 'divided into three stages: pyruvate oxidation, Krebs cycle (or acid citric acid) and c
atena
electron transport (or respiratory chain).
Fermentation does not require O2, so it's anaerobic, it converts the pyruvate into lactic acid
or ethanol loads more energy. (1 → 2 pyruvate molecules of ATP molecules). L '
oxidation is a process that transfers electrons between atoms, ions, molecules. The reduction is the purchase of electrons, oxidation is the loss. Oxidation and reduction always occur together, the reagent is the reduction in '
oxidizing agent is oxidized and what is the'
reducing agent. The redox is one of the key reactions of glycolysis and cellular respiration.
How the metabolic pathways are interconnected and controlled?
catabolic interconversion polysaccharides are hydrolyzed to glucose, lipids are split into glycerol and fatty acids, glycerol is converted to DAP, an intermediate of glycolysis, fatty acids in mitochondria acteil CoA neli, always with oxidation to CO2; proteins are hydrolyzed into amino acids.

anabolic interconversion
Many catabolic pathways may operate instead produce glucose (gluconeogenesis ), acetyl CoA can be converted fatty acids etc ... The
metabolic pool is the sum of all the molecules of a cell and tends to be constant and in balance (homeostasis metabolic

). Is disturbed in special cases, such as malnutrition.



Photosynthesis It 's a metabolic process that transforms light energy
into energy in plants. H20 requires acquired by roots and reach the leaves. These openings are called stomata
collecting releasing CO2 and H20 02. is divided into two ways. The light reaction in which light is converted into ATP and electron carriers. The reactions independent of ATP using light and CO2 to produce sugar.